THIS EVENT HAS BEEN POSTPONED.

The C.G. Jung Society of Saint Louis Presents

Cheryl Lawler, M.S.W., L.C.S.W and Rose Holt, M.A.

Workshop: Sacrifice as a Theme in Psychotherapy”

Sunday, April 3, 3:00 - 5:00 p.m.
(2 CEUs) First Congregational Church UCC 6501 Wydown, Clayton, MO 63105

Fee: Friends - $30; Others $35; Full-time Students $17.50
Full and Part-time Student Scholarships are available. Call or e-mail to apply. [Contact information is below.]

The Jung Society is offering a third presentation in which two psychoanalysts, one from the psychoanalytic community and one Jungian, will offer their perspectives on the theory and practice of psychotherapy. The subject of this program is the role of sacrifice in the therapeutic process. Cheryl Lawler and Rose Holt will each present their perspectives and thoughts about the human experience of sacrifice.

What is sacrifice and what is sacrificed? Is sacrifice necessary? If so, why? How does sacrifice manifest in unconscious ways that affect conscious functioning in the individual? During this afternoon program, there will be ample time for questions and answers.

Cheryl Lawler is past president, and currently training and supervising analyst as well as faculty member of the St. Louis Psychoanalytic Institute. She is practicum supervisor, Washington University School of Social Work, a private practitioner, and author of Intimacy Without Sacrifice: Toward a New Psychoanalytic Theory of Sexual Love.

Rose Holt is a Jungian analyst in private practice in St. Louis. She serves as advisory analyst to the C.G. Jung Society of St. Louis and is on the faculty of the Chicago Analyst Training Program. She has taught numerous courses in Analytical Psychology

The C.G. Jung Society of St. Louis – (314) 533-6809 – cgjungstl@sbcglobal.net – http://cgjungstl.org

C.G. Jung's THE RED BOOK is an astonishing work. In his autobiographical MEMORIES DREAMS REFLECTIONS, Jung describes his "confrontation with the unconscious." In THE RED BOOK he recorded that confrontation in great detail, first in the actual experiences, then in his reflections about the experiences, and then in the understanding he gleaned. Over a period of sixteen years he illustrated the work with a large number of paintings--artwork that is startingly beautiful and expressive. The book is available from Amazon.com. [If you buy the book through the Jung Institute of Chicago website (www.jungchicago.or)], the Institute will benefit.] A warning: it is huge and weighs 8.5 pounds. Furthermore, it is a most difficult read. I have spent a number of months exploring it and can say it yields up its insights sparingly and only with intense concentration.

A TASTE OF JUNG

The C.G. Jung Society of St. Louis is offering a five week course on various facets of Jungian Psychology during October, 2010. The classes will meet Sunday afternoons from 2:30 to 4:30, and each will be taught by a different area Jungian Analyst. I will teach on October 24. Dates are October 3, 10, 17, 24, and 31. Location is the First Congregational Church UCC at 6501 Wydown Boulevard in St. Louis. Details and registration information are on the Society website, www.cgjungstl.org

The C.G. Jung Society of St. Louis is sponsoring a writing contest this Fall. Detailed information about the contest are posted on the Society's website, www.cgjungstl.org Deadline for entries is October 15, 2010.

We have examined Jungian concepts of personality types, complex, persona, shadow, anima/animus, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious. Now we will consider how these psychic components interact. First, a brief review:

Personality typology has to do with characteristic ways an individual meets the world—extraverted/ introverted, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/pecerceiving. Complexes are the sore spots in the personal unconscious that can get activated and cause us great discomfort, even grief. Persona refers to our adapted selves, the ways we have learned to get along with family, friends, workers, society in general. Shadow consists of all the traits I refuse to acknowledge because unacceptable or repulsive but which belong to my personality and remain unconscious. Anima or Animus is the unconscious feminine element in a man or, similarly, the unconscious masculine elements in a woman. Personal unconscious refers to unconscious contents that have been repressed, suppressed, or forgotten that could enrich the personality if made conscious. Collective unconscious is that part of psyche that is common to all human kind and is composed of archetypal contents.

These are words that describe typical ways psyche expresses itself. [We will be discussing other psychic elements—archetypes and Self—in the remaining weeks of our course.] Much of great literature can be discussed in terms of these psychological concepts. For example, the protagonist in Crime and Punishment in a young man wholly identified with his thinking function. His unconsciousness toward issues that demand a feeling response allows him to commit a heinous crime without a hint of remorse or understanding of others’ reactions to him. In Robertson Davies’ novel, The Manticore, we journey with David Staunton as he comes to terms with powerful and extremely destructive complexes.

There is an ancient myth, “Inanna’s Descent to the Goddess” that typifies a regularly-occurring psychic situation: when the ego is identified with the persona, then the shadow and the anima or animus are bound together in the unconscious. It is this psychic situation that gets played out in reality in complicated and often tragic love triangles.

In this myth, Inanna has to abandon her queenly garments and descend to the underworld for the funeral of Ereshkigal’s husband and come to terms with a decidedly hostile Ereshkigal. In a psychological translation, we have the ego identified with the persona (Inanna in her finery). Shadow and animus are bound together in the unconscious (Ereshkigal married to Gugalanna). The story revolves around Inanna’s sacrifice--a requirement for the descent; the burial of Ereshkigal’s husband; and the eventual reconciliation of Inanna and Ereshkigal.

When unconscious, shadow and animus are seen only in projection. The shadow is some hated, envied, or otherwise powerful person who draws the ego’s projection. The animus is a male figure who carries the projections of a woman's unrealized masculine potentiality. Often the animus is an idealized figure, but he can just as easily be seen as demonic or oppressive. The common denominator for both shadow and animus projections is energy; the projection carriers for each carry a lot of energy for the ego. Often, once the projections are withdrawn, the ego is left in wonderment when she relates with the real human being who was previously the projection carrier. What was the big deal? A similar situation may exist in a man’s psychology, in which case we speak of anima.

How might we recognize a similar Inanna-Ereshkigal-Husband psychic setup closer to home? When shadow and animus get together (as, say, might be dramatized in a dream), the ego is left in a bereft feeling place. The drama of the dream will show the dynamic, and the ego will awaken in a distressed state.

The parental complexes play a huge role in the overall psychic setup because the way the budding ego develops a really fine persona (and often identifies with it) is by pleasing the parents, the primary authorities for consciousness. Of course, the finer the persona, the more outer worldly success is guaranteed. At midlife when the inner world makes itself felt, as it often does, the battle is engaged. You can see how devastating it is for one to have to sacrifice one's identity with the persona (and often how costly!).

You can also see how difficult it is to own for oneself the qualities one has projected--the distasteful, hateful ones that we have to accept with the attendant humbling and the positive, attractive ones that we have to accept and take responsibility for. I am the one who does these terrible things that I find so unacceptable. I am the one with these potentialities that I have to work like crazy to develop and put to use. Much easier that I let someone be my bad guy and someone do all those marvelous things I so admire.



Rose F. Holt

TALK FOR "THE LEGACIES OF FREUD AND JUNG" PROGRAM

Many people have examined the relationship between Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, especially people in the Jungian community. For a few years the two of them carried on a voluminous correspondence which was published in 1974 in the Freud/Jung Letters. Though Jung came to have serious doubts about some of Freud’s theories, he never failed to credit Freud for both his ground-breaking contributions and for the debt he (Jung) owed to him. Though they had a collegial relationship, the difference in their status and their ages (Freud was 19 years older than Jung) gave a decided father-son cast to their interactions which exacerbated their personal difficulties.


Dr. Callahan, in a previous lecture, has given us an excellent overview of the relationship between the two men and the reasons their relationship did not endure. [Audio of Dr. Callahan’s presentation is available for purchase at www.cgjungstl.org] I want to talk about Jungian Psychology today, its various schools, and the foundation for it that Jung laid down in the first half of the 20th C. My overall impression is that today’s Jungians hew much more closely to the thinking of the man Jung than today’s Freudians follow Freud’s ideas. I hasten to add that I know very little about the status of Freudian thought in modern psychoanalytic theories. Part of our reason for joining with the Psychoanalytic community for discussion is to help us all understand better our differences and our commonalities.
There are three schools of Jungian or Analytical Psychology that exists today--the Developmental, the Archetypal, and the Classical. I consider myself a classical Jungian analyst, meaning I believe and practice in the ways I understand Jung’s own fundamental ideas. This apple hasn’t fallen far from the tree. An image--and Jung was great on the use of image--will help me explain. Using the analogy of horse and rider, I think the developmentalists put undue emphasis on the rider; they tend to emphasize ego consciousness. The archetypalists, on the other hand, emphasize the horse; they give too little credence to ego consciousness. I think Jung had the horse and rider balance about right--ego consciousness and the unconscious are roughly equals--sometimes one takes the lead, sometimes the other--in a back-and-forth relationship.

With that introduction, now I will turn to some basic Jungian contributions that remain the solid foundation for the practice of analytical psychology today. They include: Complex Theory; Personality Typology; An Approach to Understanding and Working with Dreams; the Archetypal Nature of the Collective Unconscious; the Relationship between the Ego and the Unconscious; the Concept of the Self; the Use of Symbol Systems for Exploring the Collective Unconscious; the Concept of Individuation; the concept of Synchronicity; A Psychotherapy for Both Well and Ill Persons.

Lets look at each of these contributions for what they were and why they endure. Early in his psychiatric career, Jung devised the Word Association Test. Basically he used a list of words, asked individuals to give a one-word response to each word, and noted their reactions. He discovered that certain words had unexplained effects on the subject’s responses--long reaction times; multiple-word, emotion, and delayed responses; galvanic skin measurements that indicated reactions occurring in the body. From this work Jung was able to prove that there are unconscious contents, that is, elements that lie beneath the surface of awareness, that have unintended effects on consciousness. Using our image of horse and rider, there are reactions in the “horse” that are both unknown and uncontrolled by the rider.

Expanding his research from patients in the Burgholzi Clinic to so-called normal subjects, Jung soon discovered that everyone has complexes that interfere with conscious intentionality and response. Diedre Bair in her biography of Jung gives an interesting account of a colleague administering the Association Test to the young Jung in which his own complexes were laid bare.

We all have complexes--mother, father, inferiority, abandonment, money, orphan, failure, etc. One useful way of realizing when we have fallen into one of our own is the mnemonic REPP--Regression, Excess Emotionality, Projection, Perseveration. These are the more obvious complex indicators.

Using the Association Test, Jung went on to work with the Zurich police to examine suspects and expose their guilt; their reactions gave them away. Our modern lie detector test has its roots in this early work as does the TAT, the Thematic Apperception Test.

As Jung was working to understand the profound differences between his own ideas and those of others, primarily Freud and Alfred Adler, he began to study and observe personality type and the ways they impact our thinking and our relationships with others, with the world, and with our inner selves.. In 1921 he published Personality Types. That book is as timely today as it was 90 years ago. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, the MBTI, so widely-used now, is based upon it. For several decades the mother-daughter team of Myers-Briggs carried on a lively correspondence with Jung as they expanded and implemented his initial ideas.

Jung parted with Freud, partially over their different understanding of dreams and dream symbolism. In his late-life autobiography, Memories, Dreams, Reflections, he writes:

“After the parting of the ways with Freud, a period of inner uncertainty began for me. It would be no exaggeration to call it a state of disorientation. . . . I resolved for the present not to bring any theoretical premixes to bear upon (my patients), but to wait and see what they would tell of their own accord. My aim became to leave things to chance. ... patients would spontaneously report their dreams and fantasies to me, and I would merely ask, ‘What occurs to you in connection with that?’ or, ‘How do you mean that, where does that come from, what do you think of it?’ . . . . I avoided all theoretical points of view and simply helped the patients to understand the dream-images by themselves, without application of rules and theories.
Soon I realized that it was right to take the dreams in this way as the basis of interpretation, for that is how dreams are intended. They are the facts from which we must proceed.”

The approach Jung describes here is still the best guide for approaching dream I have found. The dream is like the sentence in a book. That is to say, its meaning is determined by the context that surrounds it, and that context is the life and experiences of the dreamer. The dream compensates and complements the conscious attitude, providing just what is required to move toward a better balance between consciousness and the unconscious.
Jung’s work with patients and his own “confrontation with the unconscious,” as he called it, over time led him to the discovery of contents in the unconscious that were not purely personal, that seemed to transcend time, cultures, and individuals. He discovered collective contents, contents with common symbols and themes, in very disparate peoples. These contents he dubbed “archetypal,” coming from the root words arche and typos, meaning ancient imprint. The meaning of archetypal themes and symbols is derived not only from the personal life of the dreamer but also from a common historical meaning that everyone shares.

Jung further discovered that once his patient worked through the strictly personal--usually of a troubling nature--elements of his/her dreams, archetypal images and themes began to appear. Subtle changes in his patients’ personalities occurred, often with a healing and/or creative effect. He concluded that the unconscious was not only filled with repressed and intolerable contents, but also with contents of an historical, inherited nature that could be invaluable for the conscious, creative life of the dreamer.

The logical next step for Jung was to try to open the lines of communication between the individual and the personal and collective unconscious regions that lay below consciousness. Previously Freud had considered the unconscious to be the trash heap for odious conscious thoughts, feelings, experiences too painful to be consciously realized. Jung discovered it to be much, much more than that.

Jung began formulating his methods--first of all for himself, then for others--for connecting ego consciousness with vitally important unconscious contents hidden in the personal and collective unconscious. He had learned from his study of and collaboration with Freud and from his own experiences how useful dreams could be for bringing unconscious thoughts, feelings, and patterns into conscious awareness for examination and integration. He knew complexes with the affect they carry, when constellated and examined for meaning, can add enormously to self-understanding. From his study of Ignatius Loyola’s spiritual exercises and from his personal experiments with interacting with fantasy figures, he developed the technique of active imagination.

Jung’s methods are about learning to know oneself. Following up on work begun by Freud, he demonstrated how very much of an individual’s totality lay outside of that individual’s awareness. He categorized certain universal unconscious areas--shadow; contrasexual other figures, the animus in a woman, anima in a man; and perhaps the most important, the Self. Similarly he described certain universal symbols and themes that occur in this collective unconscious region of psyche--journey, mother, father, hero, fire, water, sun, moon, stars, etc.

The Self is a uniquely Jungian concept in psychology today. What does Jung mean when he uses the word “Self?” The best way to understand the concept is to circle the ways Jung expressed it:

“The self is the organizing principle in the psyche.” “The child is a symbol of the self.”
“Is there anything more fundamental than the realization, ‘This is what I am’? It (the work in analysis) reveals a unity which nevertheless is--or was--a diversity. No longer the earlier ego with its make-believes and artificial contrivances, but another, ‘objective’ ego, which for this reason is better called the ‘self.’ No longer a mere selection of suitable fictions, but a string of hard facts, which together make up the cross we all have to carry or the fate we ourselves are.” [Vol. 16, Para. 400]
“. . . relationship to the self is at once relationship to others, and no one can be related to the latter until related to him/herself.” [Vo. 16, Para. 446]
“. . . I have observed that the spontaneous manifestations of the self, i.e., the appearance of certain symbols relating thereto, bring with them something of the timelessness of the unconscious which expresses itself in a feeling of eternity or immortality. Such experiences can be extraordinarily impressive.” [Vol. 16, Para. 531]

Our difficulty with understanding precisely what the Self is arises from the fact that it encompasses our ego consciousness. How can we comprehend something from inside it?

In the last decades of his life Jung became immersed in study and explication of various symbol systems that describe the processes unfolding in the collective unconscious. In his study and coming from an impressive dream he had, he stumbled onto alchemy. [A side note here: almost all Jung’s important ideas and researches grew out of his work with his own dreams.] Most moderns dismiss alchemy as the attempt by a few crackpots to turn lead into gold. A simple note that Isaac Newton left thousands of pages of his alchemical scribbling behind should serve to dispel such notions. Newton distilled from his alchemical opus mathematics and physics that still serve us well.

Jung realized that the alchemist in the work and prayer were actually projecting the unconscious background of his/her psyche into the experiments and meditations of the alchemical opus. Through careful study of various alchemical treatises, Jung saw that many of the symbols in the texts also appeared in the dreams and spontaneous fantasies of his patients. From this parallelism Jung concluded that his own discoveries were, in fact, part and parcel of the unfolding of processes in the unconscious over the ages. His contributions were not some aberration but part of the historical record of humankind.

Jung’s notion of individuation, that is, the human process of achieving an undivided wholeness, goes hand-in-hand with his ideas about the Self. Is the Self latent and is discovered through the process of individuation or is the Self a co-creation of the ego and the unconscious? Unanswerable questions to be sure. However, we can readily grasp the idea that our personality development can and does unfold over our entire lifespan. Some of Jung’s ideas and methods are conducive to the ripening of personality.

Still another contribution of Jung’s is the principle of synchronicity. It’s a simple notion but one fraught with extremely wide consequences. Synchronicity describes events that are related but not causally. We have all experienced them, usually dismissing them as coincidence. As with all his researches, Jung started with facts. It is a fact that such events occur regularly. Why and how, he wanted to know? He concluded that there are correspondences between certain psychic states and outer reality that constellate an event. He worked with the Nobel physicist Wolfgang Pauli to elaborate and explain the principle. The example I like to use is from my own experience. Some 20 years ago, I was walking on a street in a nearby community, thinking about a co-worker I hadn’t seen in 15 years. I turned a corner, and met that man.

I am sure we could spend a great deal of time sharing with each other similar experiences. The main idea I want to convey is that psychic process and physical reality have a much more complex relationship than can be understood rationally. I think this is the reason that psychotherapy based on a strictly rational understanding of one’s circumstances is sometimes not very helpful. Life and the unconscious seem to be irrational at the deepest levels of being while consciousness develops primarily along rational lines.

The last of Jung’s contributions I want to discuss is his methods for psychotherapy which are helpful for people suffering serious psychological distress as well as for those seeking a fuller, more satisfying life. His analytic techniques are oriented toward creating a working alliance between ego consciousness and the unconscious. It is as if we moderns have emancipated our consciousness to such a degree that we have the ability to saw off the limb on which we sit. Jung was intent on showing how understanding and connecting to the “tree” can be conducive to healing, well-being, and personality growth. Returning to our earlier image, Jungian analysis, as it is understood and practiced today, has at root this essential goal: a cooperative, mutually beneficial relationship between horse and rider with both oriented toward the goal of life. What that goal is for the individual is only partially determined by the ego. Psyche or the unconscious seems to have a teleological aspect of its own with which the ego must come to terms.

If we sum all the contributions Jung made, they point to one gigantic leap for humankind--a much broader and deeper understanding of what it means to be a human being.

Boris Matthews and I are offering the three-part online course through the C.G. Jung Institute of Chicago. See details below. For more information, please contact either Dr. Matthews or me at the addresses listed. To register, please go to www.jungchicago.org.


JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY—THE ESSENTIALS
A Three-Part Online Course
Presented by Rose F. Holt, M.A., and Boris L. Matthews, Ph.D.
May 3, through August 16, 2010.
Thirteen (13) Mondays, 7:30 – 9:00 pm (CDT)

Part One of this course will be an exploration of Jung’s basic psychological theories. Part Two will focus on the applicability of Jungian theory to one’s own life and personality development. Part Three will introduce approaches to understanding and exploring dream symbols and themes.

Part One: Basic Jungian Theory
Four Web Seminars, 7:30 – 9:00 pm, Monday evenings, May 3, 10, 17,
and 24, 2010
Text: Analytical Psychology—Notes on the Seminar Given in 1925, by
C.G. Jung, Edited by William McGuire. Princeton University Press,
1989.

Part Two: Applying Jungian Theory
Five Web Seminars, 7:30 – 9:00 pm, Monday evenings, June 7, 14, 21,
28, and July 12, 2010
Text: Inner Work: Using Dreams and Active Imagination for Personal
Growth, by Robert Johnson. Harper Collins, 1986.

Part Three: Understanding and Exploring Dream Themes and Symbols
Four Web Seminars, 7:30 – 9:00 pm, Monday evenings, July 26, August 2,
9, and 16, 2010
Text: Dreams: God's Forgotten Language by John Sanford. Harper Collins,
1989.

We will meet in thirteen (13) web-hosted seminars for real-time interaction between presenters and participants. (For our live video conferences, participants will need a computer, a web cam, and a fast internet connection. Participants will also need to call into a central number for audio connection.)

On-line Forum: For all three parts of this course, participants will have access to a website where additional materials will be posted and an ongoing forum available for
discussions.


Cost: $310 (plus $15 for those taking the course for twenty (20) CE credits; participants pay own phone use time)
Class size is limited
Presenters:
Rose F. Holt, M.A., practices Jungian psychoanalysis in St. Louis, MO Boris Matthews, Ph.D., practices Jungian psychoanalysis in Madison, WI.
If you have questions, e-mail Rose Holt at roseholt@aol.com or Boris Matthews at borismatthews@verizon.net

EXPLORING JUNG’S “ANSWER TO JOB”
An Online Course Presented By Rose F. Holt, M.A., and Boris L. Matthews, Ph.D.
November 9th, 2009 through December 14th, 2009

“The book does not pretend to be anything but the voice or question of a single individual who hopes or expects to meet with thoughtfulness in the public.”
~ C.G. Jung

"Answer to Job" is the most controversial of Jung’s works. It is also the one he most valued. We will read and discuss this lengthy essay, supplementing it with information about Jung’s reasons for writing it and the furor it created. Our exploration will cover Jung’s distinction between God and god-image, his working definition of religion, and the importance of the Job story within the framework of Jung’s psychological theories.


Learning Objectives:

(1) Understand link between religious traditions and psychology (2) Explore ways scriptural story can parallel psychological development (3) Understand Jung's motivation for seeking his own "answer"

On-line Discussion Forum:
Course participants have access to a website where additional materials will be posted and an ongoing forum available for discussions.

Real-time Video Conference Discussions:
We will meet in six (6) web-hosted seminars for real-time interaction between presenters and participants. (For our live video conferences participants will need a computer, a web cam, and a fast internet connection. Participants will also need to call into a central number at their own long-distance charge for audio connection.)

Seminar Time and Dates: Mondays, 7:30 pm – 9:00 pm CDT November 09, 16, 23, 30, and December 07, 14, 2009
Required Readings: The Portable Jung, Edited by Joseph Campbell, Viking Portable Library Publisher. Supplemental reading materials will be provided.

COURSE FEE
$140* $120 - Students ($20 additional fee – 12 CE credits – call 312.701.0400)

*Price includes access to the website, the web seminar and telephone hook up for the seminar.

For all registrations visit www.jungchicago.org

For more information contact:
RoseHolt@aol.com - 314-726-2032 • borismatthews@verizon.net - 608-217-5184

Rose F. Holt, M.A., practices Jungian psychoanalysis in St. Louis, MO. www.roseholt.blogspot.com Boris L. Matthews, Ph.D., practices Jungian psychoanalysis in Madison, WI. www.borismatthews.com

INVISIBLE REALITY

Jung [C.G. Jung, 1875 – 1961, Swiss Psychiatrist, Founder of Analytical Psychology] writes, “What is real is that which has real effects.” In our rigid three-dimensional conscious constructs, we tend to define reality as that which is concrete and tangible, excluding anything of a spiritual nature. Yet, the spiritual has real effects. Even a cursory self-reflection will confirm the validity of Jung’s statement. The spiritual is real.

As a way of honoring and focusing on many aspects of the spiritual, the C.G. Jung Society of St. Louis is hosting a conference, Jung in the Heartland: Portals to the Sacred, from November 19-22 at Toddhall Retreat and Conference Center in Columbia, Illinois, just 45 minutes from the St. Louis airport. The program is open to everyone, and features an outstanding faculty of world-renowned analysts and authors. [For information, please visit www.cgjungstl.org]

When I was growing up, it was the custom in our small Catholic community to pray the rosary as part of a funeral wake. The effect on my young self was extreme boredom mixed with wonderment that adults behaved this way. However, in thinking about this ritual as an adult, I can see the real effects of rote recitation and meditation on the mysteries of the rosary—the joyful, the sorrowful, and the glorious. What human life hasn’t been touched by joy, sorrow, and glory? What resonances are set up in the depths of the souls of the living? What evokes the sacredness of life like those intoned prayers, drawing mourners into an unconscious unity of spirit? Who knows what the effects were on those people around me? On me? Surely it had at least as much impact as an invisible wind rustling through trees.

The psychological impact of formal prayer is that it tends to align consciousness with semi-conscious, established patterns that have served humankind well for a very long time. For a consciousness mired in some less-than-healthy unconscious pattern, prayer can be a way of getting “unstuck.” The mysteries of the rosary are built on New Testament stories which recount the life story of one of the most developed personalities in human history, someone fully individuated, i.e., who completely realized both the human and the spiritual dimensions of existence.

For another example of invisible effects, consider gazing on a full moon. Even thinking about the image of a full moon right now conjures up emotion, memory, awe, and mystery. I rarely look at a full moon without wondering about peoples over millennia who saw this same sight, who relied on it to mark the passage of time, to know when to move or to harvest crops; who began to associate it with the cycle of a woman’s life and the mysterious absence of the cycle with an impending birth, to predict the movements of the tides, even eventually to know when to celebrate the Paschal Mystery itself. What knowledge the spirit of the moon has imparted to humanity over the ages! What knowledge does the spiritual world hold, awaiting a consciousness sufficiently capacious to apprehend it?

If you haven’t seen the movie, “Moonstruck,” I urge you to rent and watch it. It will awaken some spiritual awareness without ever touching on anything religious or dogmatic. I would argue that we are all a bit moonstruck and it would do us well to recognize and celebrate it.

Whenever anything intangible and haunting is evoked in us, whether it be in seeing the flag, in hearing a moving poem, in playing and replaying a song in our minds, in being visited by the memory of a deceased loved one, or in a thousand other ways in which a current experience ties us back to an old memory trace, we experience the movement of spirit.

A favorite poem of mine is “elegy” by W.S. Merwyn:

who would i tell it to

That simple sentence, absent capitalization or punctuation, always evokes such depth of emotion in me that I know it brings me into solidarity with every other human being who has grieved in ways beyond language or explanation. Why is it that the Gerard Manley Hopkins’ opening line, “Margaret, are you grieving over goldenglove unleaving,” pops into my mind frequently and at odd times? I can only conclude that there is some unseen but very real force at work in my being. It is a force of some power, and it is arresting.

Of course, in our romance-besotted modern life, no one among us would deny the effects of love or its life-changing, life-enhancing power. Yet, few of us would identify love as a spirit, but in the truest sense of the word, it is spiritual. And in the sense that Jung defines “real,” it is real. “What I did for Love” is more than a lovely song; it is a testament to the power of love.

Jung was interested in the psychology of the human person and in the ways reality, seen and unseen, can call forth richness of experience and wholeness of personality. Whether we approach the spiritual through a formal religion or through a religious, reverent attitude toward the people and the world within and around us matters little. What is important, from a psychological point of view, is that we not neglect all of experience.

To live in a reality that consists only of things, one that must be explained by cause and effect is to live in a carved-out, desiccated existence. To live in a world of things is to see and understand people and ourselves only as objects to be manipulated and managed. To live in a strict cause-and-effect universe is to miss perhaps the largest parts of existence, the parts that respond to mythic patterns, the forces that, rather than pushing us from the past, are pulling us into the future.

It is a basic tenet of Analytical (Jungian) Psychology that we as conscious moderns have a responsibility to understand the spiritual forces that move us as best we can, learn to cooperate with those that are benevolent, and resist those that are not. External authority, while important for civil living, can also lead us very much in undesirable directions if it is not reconciled with the individual spirits that inhabit all of us.

A careful reflection about spiritual forces leads me to conclude that there are a myriad of invisible agencies that have very real effects and that are shaping our lives, our relationships, and our actions in unknown and sometimes undesirable ways. What our individual and collective futures become is, in no small part, of our own choosing and attitude toward the real.

Rose F. Holt
July 27, 2009

Rose F. Holt, M.A., is a diploma graduate of the C.G. Jung Institute of Chicago and is in private practice in St. Louis. She teaches in the Analyst Training Program of the Chicago Institute and for the C.G. Jung Society of St. Louis. She also serves as advisory analyst for the St. Louis Society. Rose’s blog on topics about Jungian Psychology is at www.roseholt.blogspot.com

During his "confrontation with the unconscious" and later, Jung wrote and painted in his "Red Book." After long negotiations with the Jung heirs and much work to copy, translate, and footnote, the Philemon Foundation is publishing this seminal work. There is a very solid and balanced article about Jung, his work, the book, and the process of its release to the public in the "New York Times." Here is the link to the article: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/20/magazine/20jung-t.html?em

"Only what is really oneself has the power to heal." C.G. Jung, VOL. 7, Para. 258

"The Entombment" Artist: Mercedes McVey

"During the assimilation of the unconscious the personality passes through many transformations." C.G. Jung, VOL. 8, Para. 423

The C.G. Jung Society of St. Louis is hosting a major conference at our first "Jung in the Heartland" event, November 19-22, 2009. The theme of the conference is "Portals to the Sacred" with major presentations by Carl Greer, Sylvia Perera, James Hollis, and Lionel Corbett. The conference setting is Toddhall Retreat Center in Columbia, IL, just 45 minutes from the St. Louis, MO, international airport.

For detailed information about this event, visit the Jung Society of St. Louis website at www.cgjungstl.org. The website has links for online registration and for downloading event information.

This conference promises to be an opportunity for learning, reflection, meeting like-minded people, and intensifying participants' own journeys toward wholeness. Our sponsoring society believes it will indeed provide a portal to the source.

For the last session of a course on dreams, I offered some questions for reflection and discussion. Here are the questions and some possible responses to them. If any Reader wishes to comment on a question or a response, please click on the "comments" icon and do so.


SOME QUESTIONS FOR REFLECTION


1. Why do you think dreams are important? Dreams are an important way unconscious contents reach consciousness. Even a cursory self-reflection reveals that our attitudes and behaviors are influenced by unconscious ideas, assumptions, dynamics, feelings, memories, and imaginings. Dreams are a way we may be able to better understand these influences and deal with them more effectively—eliminating some, exaggerating others, developing and implementing those that are helpful.

2. Where do you agree with Jung’s ideas? Where do you disagree? For the most part, I agree with Jung’s ideas and theories, especially the ones we have touched on in our study together. Jung was, (as are we), confined in his milieu so that some of his notions appear to us as archaic or misogynistic.

3. Why do you think the concept of the unconscious is difficult for some? People for whom the unconscious becomes a reality HAVE to come to terms with it. For many others, a quiescent unconscious puts no demands on them, hence they have no need to deal with it, even believe in its existence. Some would argue they are the lucky ones.

4. Why do you think the relationship between consciousness and the unconscious is important? Or unimportant? The relationship is important, even vital, for someone for whom the unconscious has become a disturbing influence in his/her life. Usually the unconscious makes its disturbing presence felt through compulsions, depression, overwhelming life events—any issue for which ego consciousness alone cannot muster an adequate, adaptive response. As long as ego consciousness functions well, a relationship with the unconscious is unimportant, perhaps undesirable.

5. What is your understanding of archetypes? Archetypes are patterns of behavior. A simple example is the bird building its nest. Presumably, it is adhering to some instinctive imprint that informs its behavior. How do archetypes fit into one’s approach to the dream? When archetypal themes begin to appear in dreams, it marks an important milestone in the development of the personality. The layer of insulation between consciousness and the unconscious, i.e., the personal unconscious, has become sufficiently permeable that elements from the unconscious begin to show themselves to ego consciousness. The personal unconscious consists of one’s own history—forgotten or repressed contents, undeveloped and undesirable personality traits sometimes apparent to others but not to oneself, deeds we do not want to acknowledge. The deeper unconscious, which Jung calls the collective unconscious, is the repository of all humankind and is teeming with creative energies and patterns seeking realization and incarnation in a responsive and responsible individual consciousness.

6. What are important considerations to keep in mind when considering a dream? The most important and the most difficult consideration is that the dream is bringing NEW information to consciousness. Our natural tendency is to immediately place the information into existing categories where nothing new can enter in. Our consciousness, by its very construction is a Procrustean bed. [The notion of the Immaculate Conception, understood symbolically, is that in a sufficiently cleansed consciousness, something new has a chance for insemination and eventual birth—the saving thing.]

7. Why do dreams convince when no amount of logical argument can? I don’t know, but I do know this is a true statement.

8. Why are dreams so discounted in modern life? Our collective consciousness is all about keeping itself intact and turning the individual to its service. Dreams, by emphasizing individual development and fostering an anything-but-the-herd mentality, are naturally unwelcome to the collective.

9. Is there a resurgence of interest in dreams? Perhaps. I would be interested in other's opinion about this question.


10. There is no account of Jesus’ ever sharing a dream in the N.T. Why might that be? A real puzzle. Maybe Jesus’ statement, “I and the Father are one,” is an indication that his relationship with the unconscious was so well formed that he and it had no need for the corrections and compensations that dreams bring. Or it could be the case that Jesus lived in a multidimensional reality in which he did not distinguish waking consciousness from any other state of being. If the latter case is true, his final victory would be that of achieving a state which in itself is eternal.

11. What might the unconscious be seeking from a cooperating ego consciousness? Ah, the Big Question! Truly a mystery akin to that of the fate of the Son of Man. Did he know all before the Passion or did he live it in blind obedience to the unknown—as we must do?


12. Why does contact with deep layers of the psyche (the unconscious) have a healing effect? I don’t know, but I do know that is a true statement.



Rose F. Holt
April 30, 2009

ON THE TOPIC OF DREAMS


“It is always as if we were observing through a slit so that we only see a particular moment; all the rest is dark and we are not aware of it at that moment. The area of the unconscious is enormous and always continuous, while the area of consciousness is a restricted field of momentary vision.” [Jung, Analytical Psychology: its theory and Practice, p. 8]

“Man (sic) as we realize if we reflect for a moment, never perceives anything fully or comprehends anything completely,” [Jung, Man and His Symbols, p. 21]

Introduction

I start with the two Jung quotes above because we need to understand that our ego consciousness is extremely limited. Any event of our lives has details and information associated with it that go unnoticed by us but that may be extremely important. It is often the case that these unnoted but important elements are brought to our attention in a subsequent dream. This is one valuable way dreams can inform our ego consciousness.

The more we can expand our consciousness, the less likely we are to fall victim to unconscious forces that can make a mess of our lives. As we shall see in this course, dreams are a natural way that unconscious contents make themselves known. By taking notice of and exploring our dreams, we can considerably increase the scope of our conscious understanding. Since you are taking this course, you probably are already convinced of the value of dreams.

Some Assumptions

Following are some working hypotheses that we will hold as we take up our topic:

1. Every dream is an attempt to help us heal and move us toward wholeness.

2. Every dream is a comment on our life situation.

3. Threads from any dream can and do lead into many, many areas of our lives.

4. Through patient attention to our dreams, we can make contact with and enter into a meaningful dialogue with the unconscious. [By unconscious, I simply mean the source of those factors that influence and impact our lives in unknown ways.]

5. The unconscious is Janus-faced; i.e., it turns to us the face we turn to it.

6. Every dream is given to us for the purpose of healing past hurts, enlarging our perspective, and/or integrating portions of our personality.

7. The dream brings new information to compensate or complement our waking attitudes.

8. Our life energy, or libido, is personified in dreams, as if the psyche or the unconscious wants to draw us into a living relationship.

9. Relationships with inner figures can be as important, enriching, and rewarding as relationships with people in our outer lives.

10. Our inner and outer lives are in some way mirrors of each other. Dream work can provide for a more harmonious balance between the two.

11. The psyche has a teleological aspect, i.e., it is working towards a goal or purpose. Further, it seeks our participation and cooperation.


It seems to me that the unconscious both conceals and reveals itself. It both yearns to be seen, yet is reluctant. In analysis, a secured-symbolizing field is certainly necessary for the analysand. Such a field is also necessary for the unconscious. [Goodheart describes therapeutic containers as the “safe and secured spheres or circles in which ‘heavy’ things can safely happen.” This is the sense in which I use the phrase, “secured-symbolizing field.”] I doubt that our course will provide such a field. However, it can open us to the possibilities for creating that kind of sacred space for ourselves.

Symbols and Symbolic Meaning

Since dreams speak in the language of symbols, this is a good place to interject a few notions about symbols. Jung, in Man and His Symbols, pp. 20-27, writes:

A symbol “implies something vague, unknown or hidden from us.” . . . . “Thus a word or an image is symbolic when it implies something more than its obvious and immediate meaning. It has a wider ‘unconscious’ aspect that is never precisely defined or fully explained. Nor can one hope to define or explain it. As the mind explores the symbol, it is led to ideas that lie beyond the grasp of reason.”

“Because there are innumerable things beyond the range of human understanding, we constantly use symbolic terms to represent concepts that we cannot define or fully comprehend.”

“Thus every experience contains an indefinite number of unknown factors, not to speak of the fact that every concrete object is always unknown in certain respects, because we cannot know the ultimate nature of matter itself.”

“As a general rule, the unconscious aspect of any event is revealed to us in dreams, where it appears not as a rational thought but as a symbolic image.”

And Paul Tillich, in Dynamics of Faith, pp. 41-43, writes:

“Symbols . . . point beyond themselves to something else.” Symbols “participate in the reality of that to which they point” Symbols cannot “be replaced for reasons of expediency or convention. . .”

A symbol “opens up levels of reality which are otherwise closed to us.” And a symbol “also unlocks dimensions and elements of our soul which correspond to the dimensions and elements of reality.”

“Symbols cannot be produced intentionally. . .” Symbols “cannot function without being accepted by the unconscious dimensions of our being.” Symbols grow and they die.

What is a symbol to one person may or may not be to another. The meaning a symbol takes on is determined not in itself, but rather it is determined by the capacity of the interpreting mind. This understanding is extremely important when we are working with dream symbols.

Working with dreams is one way of increasing our capacity for understanding symbols. Symbols behave like water in that they fill up whatever container they find themselves in. Together, we will be working to increase our capacity, our ability for containing symbolic meaning.

Interpretation

All of us interpret. We assign meaning to ideas, events, and experiences. Most of us are, more or less, in the dark, i.e., unconscious of the process by which we arrive at meaning. Since the fundamental purpose of working with dreams is to render somewhat conscious that which is largely unconscious in our lives, an exploration of the process by which we interpret is in order.

As Scholes tells us, there is a significant difference “between the states of consciousness involved in receiving a text and producing one. Specifically, the text we produce is ours in a deeper and more essential way than any text we receive from outside. When we read we do not possess the text we read in any permanent way. But when we make an interpretation we do add to our store of knowledge—and what we add is not the text itself but our own interpretation of it. In literary interpretation we possess only what we create.” [Robert Scholes, Semiotics and Interpretation, p. 4]

Translating this understanding to working with dreams, it is of little value to have someone tell us their interpretation of our dream. It can be of enormous value when we arrive at an interpretation of our own dream or dream symbol. When we interpret our own dream, we add a piece of our own nature to our conscious personality.

There are, of course, universal symbols that crop up in our dreams all the time. Aid from someone else in amplifying such symbols can be helpful because their meaning is inexhaustible. However, the unique message for the dreamer is still highly personal.

You might take note that in interpreting for another, we are actually interpreting for ourselves. It is for this reason that many dream groups use the constant caveat, “If this were my dream, . . .”

One of the great delights in working with our dreams is that every dream presents us with new information that is uniquely our own. In our waking realities, much of what we are exposed to is not new. It is repetitive news, translated works, repeated stories, a fresh learning of existent knowledge—often interesting, to be sure, but not truly new. Of course, one reason dreams can be off-putting, even frightening, is that we by nature are wary and careful of what is strange, different, unknown. The danger in any work with dreams is that our ego consciousness will naturally try to fit the new content into an existing and often inadequate framework of understanding, in which case, the value of the content will be either lost or distorted.

Adding to Our Conscious Understanding
There are several possible ways in which we can add an outside content to our consciousness and assign meaning to it:

1. We can adapt something from an outside source and accept it at face value. We do this when we accept dogma as our truth or when we follow the laws of the land because we hold an assumption that our doing so is for the common good. A good deal of early childhood education holds with this way as a methodology even though there is ample evidence that children learn not what they are taught but rather what they see modeled in the behavior of significant others. Rejection or acceptance of dogma or law can be flip sides of the same coin. In either case, it is the dogma or the law that determines the individual’s behavior because the dogma or the law has taken up residence in consciousness.

2. We can achieve a modicum of distance from an idea, an event, or an experience, put it through some kind of consciousness-sorting process and accept/reject some or all, more or less thoughtfully. In this process, our own consciousness is the final arbiter of meaning and value. A potential problem with this process is that whatever is put through a particular state of consciousness, is at least to some degree, shaped and determined by that state, so that meaning and value can arise more from the consciousness than from the content itself. If the content is odious or contrary to the state of consciousness, considerable refraction of the content may take place so that it loses its value for adding something new/different to the existing consciousness. One way of illustrating this process is to consider two extremes of consciousness for approaching a written text:



Author is Authority --------------------------------- Reader is Authority

LAW ---------------------------------------------------------ANARCHY

Meaning/value determined by author –---- Meaning/value determined by reader


All of us approach any text somewhere along this continuum, and our approach is by no means a trivial choice. For the fundamentalist Christian, a Biblical text is understood literally, and its meaning and value is determined by the author whom he/she believes to be God. For a reader on the other end of the continuum who finds meaning and value in translating Biblical story as a way of understanding patterns of behavior in his/her own life, the reader determines for him/herself meaning and value. Another example of interpretation along this continuum is the varying ways people view the U.S. Constitution—meaning and value fixed by the framers or meaning and value determined by the application of the document’s principles to changing circumstances.

3. We can seek a larger context in the outer world for both our consciousness and an idea/event/experience so that our consciousness is not alone or is not the final arbiter for judgment of meaning and value. This is, of course, a tricky business because it demands a great deal of trust and faith. We are willing to yield to a higher authority (i.e., someone who can author) because we believe the higher authority has information, experience, or judgment that we lack. Sometimes the issue (idea/event/experience) is so troubling that we are relieved, even happy, to give it over to someone else. People may come into therapy with the happy expectation that the therapist will tell him/her what to do. Personal responsibility for the state of one’s own consciousness can be a heavy burden. I think we are seeing some abdication of personal responsibility and authority among the general population as we collectively try to deal with this phenomenon of terrorism. There are, of course, collective issues that must be dealt with by collective decision and action, and this too is a matter for important discernment.

4. We can seek a larger context in the inner world for both our consciousness and an idea/event/experience. If you accept one of the basic tenets of Jungian Theory, i.e., that the ego and ego consciousness are one part in a larger entity, the Self, there is existent in the inner world a context that can be extremely helpful in the discernment of meaning and value. Whether the Self is a help or a hindrance depends entirely upon the relationship between the ego and the Self—as is the case in any other interdependent relationship. If the ego is at odds with the Self and is pursuing meaning and value contrary to the intentionality of the Self, it may happen that the Self will hasten the destruction of an unhealthy facet of ego consciousness. [Assigning intentionality to the Self may be anthropomorphism. A more accurate way of stating the situation might be to say, "It is as if the intention of the Self is counter to that of the ego." We are probably on firm ground in our statement, however, since frequently the Self personifies itself in dreams.]

Let’s take a specific example to illustrate the possibility outlined in No. 4 above. This example also shows one of the archetypal patterns of human behavior portrayed in the Bible In the Spring of 2001, Pakistani official traveled to Kandahar, Afghanistan, on a mission to save the two 1,700 year-old statues of Buddha that the Taliban were threatening to destroy in their religious fervor. Mullah Omar, “Commander of the Faithful” and head of the Taliban, told the official this dream: A mountain was falling down on him (Omar). Before it hit him, Allah appeared and asked Omar why he had done nothing to get rid of false idols.” (Robert Marquand, “The Christian Science Monitor,” csmonitor.com, October 10, 2001) Omar, a person known to take guidance from his dreams, proceeded with the destruction of the ancient Buddha carvings.

There is a close parallel between Omar’s dream and that of King Nebuchadnezzar as told in the fourth chapter of the Book of Daniel. At the peak of his power, Nebuchadnezzar, full of his own might and glory, had a warning dream: “I saw a tree of great height at the center of the world. It was large and strong, with its top touching the heavens, and it could be seen to the ends of the earth. Its leaves were beautiful and its fruit abundant, providing food for all. Under it the wild beasts found shade, in its branches the birds of the air nested; all men ate of it. In the vision I saw while in bed, a holy sentinel came down from heaven, and cried out: ‘Cut down the tree and lop off its branches. But leave in the earth its stump and roots, fettered with iron and bronze, in the grass of the field. Let him be bathed with the dew of heaven; his lot be to eat, among beasts, the grass of the earth. Let his mind be changed from the human; let him be given the sense of a beast, till seven years pass over him.” (New American Bible, Daniel 4:7-14)
A year passes. Nebuchadnezzar has gone on in his arrogant way as before and then “was cast out from among men, he ate grass like an ox, and his body was bathed with the dew of heaven, until his hair grew like the feathers of an eagle, and his nails like the claws of a bird.” (NAB, Daniel 4: 30)

Had Mullah Omar been willing to look inward at the “false idols” within his own consciousness, he might have interpreted the dream as a correction of his behavior. Events of the past few years would have unfolded very differently. Had he known the archetypal story of Nebuchadnezzar, Omar might have interpreted his dream as an invitation to self-reflection and self-criticism. It could have helped him with his mental hygiene. However, he interpreted the dream as a confirmation of his ego plan, and thus you could say the Self acted to destroy an unyielding and contrary ego structure. As he was warned in the dream, so it came to pass—a mountain fell on him.

If we accept the premise that the ego is the exponent for the Self in the world, a solid working alliance between them is essential, for the only way the Self can manifest or incarnate is through the conduit of a more or less willing ego consciousness. In the cases of Nebuchadnezzar and Mullah Omar, we could say that the ego became so inflated with its own view and importance that it could no longer accept critical input from the Self.



WORKING WITH DREAMS

The best approach I have found for working with dreams is the one Jung describes in MDR:

“After the parting of the ways with Freud, a period of inner uncertainty began for me. … I felt it necessary to develop a new attitude toward my patients. I resolved for the present not to bring any theoretical premises to bear upon them, but to wait and see what they would tell of their own accord. My aim became to leave things to chance. The result was that the patients would spontaneously report their dreams and fantasies to me, and I would merely ask, ‘What occurs to you in connection with that?’ or, ‘How do you mean that, where does that come from, what do you think about it?’ The interpretations seemed to follow of their own accord from the patients’ replies and associations. I avoided all theoretical points of view and simply helped the patients to understand the dream-images by themselves, without application of rules and theories. Soon I realized that it was right to take the dreams in this way as the basis of interpretation, for that is how dreams are intended. They are the facts from which we must proceed.” [Pp. 170-71]

In approaching dreams in this manner, I think we are more able to honor and enter into the state of the dreamer, keeping in mind our earlier discussion of symbolic understanding. Over time, what begins to happen is that alchemical and archetypal processes come into play. The dreamer’s, and the analyst’s, conscious and unconscious psychological structures dissolve and reform in new, often subtle, ways that can go unnoticed for some time. Jung called this alchemical process solve et coagula.

The archetypal factor at work is the numinosum. Jung describes the numinosum as “a dynamic agency or effect not caused by an arbitrary act of will …. The numinosum is either a quality belonging to a visible object or the influence of an invisible presence that causes a peculiar alteration of consciousness.”

The numinosum appears at the moment when the dreamer begins to glimpse the luminosity of the dream or dream image or dream symbol. The numinosum both, “… seizes and controls the human subject, who is always rather its victim than its creator” and exerts effects that are “anything but unambiguous.”

“Often it (the numinosum) drives with unexampled passion and remorseless logic towards its goal and draws the subject under its spell, from which despite the most desperate resistance he is unable, and finally no longer even willing to break free, because the experience brings with it a depth and fullness of meaning that was unthinkable before.”

Working with dreams in the manner described above eventually and almost inevitably brings the dreamer to an attitude that can only be called religious in the sense that Jung uses the term: “We might say, then, that the term ‘religion’ designates that attitude peculiar to a consciousness which has been changed by experience of the numinosum.”

Through careful, meticulous association and amplification of dream images and motifs, the dreamer (with the help of the analyst/therapist) will begin to trace the personal to its archetypal roots in the objective psyche where he/she will find the source of renewal.

In some mysterious way, the healing function of the dream engages when the personal meets the archetypal. An emphasis on the archetypal without due regard for the personal can actually hinder any healing. Once when I was working hard to connect the personal and archetypal, trying to force connections, an analyst I much regarded said, “Don’t worry about the archetypal. It will show itself when it is ready.” How very right she was!

I want to share a sequence of dreams where the personal and the archetypal are so intertwined that no interpretation on my part was necessary.

S was a woman in her mid-30’s who had gone through a painful divorce, and after several years alone, had remarried. She was eager to have a child as she felt her biological clock might run out on her. She had this dream:

I discovered that my mother and her two sisters had been secretly keeping my grandmother (their mother) alive for years. However, when I was face to face with my grandmother, I saw that her eyes were brown instead of the vivid blue they were when was alive. I said, “No, this is not Grandma. Her eyes were blue.” At that moment I touched her arm. Her eyes turned blue, and I knew it was she.

Shortly after this dream, S discovered she was pregnant. The night before the child was born, she dreamed that her grandmother came through the front door of her house. Later she told me that when she awoke she knew the dream was announcing the birth. Sure enough, on that day she went into labor.

Some four months went by, and S brought a new and puzzling dream:

My grandmother comes to my house. She tells me she is bored and needs a new craft.

I asked her what she made of this Grand Mother dream. She looked very startled. Later she told me that on the way home she bought a pregnancy test. She discovered, much to her surprise, that she was again pregnant.

On the day S’s second child was born, her sister called to tell her that she had had a dream about their grandmother in which the grandmother had assured her that S and her little family would be just fine. As S told me later, she (S) immediately wondered if the sister were herself pregnant. The sister was but didn’t know it yet.
Some years go by. S brings this dream, which she had the night before she was to have a hysterectomy:

My grandmother comes to tell me her work is done. The scene shifts. There is to be an elaborate funeral for her in a huge theater. All my grandmother’s progeny are ushered into the place. The funeral service is more beautiful and moving than I can possibly describe. It is the most beautiful thing I have ever seen.

These dreams were all deeply moving and held great meaning for S. She felt very much supported and loved by this grandmother who, when she was a young child, had been so loving and gracious to her. The dreams helped her realize that this loving and supportive Great Mother continued her presence in S’s life.

Rose F. Holt
January 14, 2009

C.G. JUNG


JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY – A DEEPER LOOK
An Online Course
Presented by Rose F. Holt, M.A., and Boris L. Matthews, Ph.D.
From January 26, 2009, through March 20, 2009


This course will cover fundamentals topics of Jungian Psychology—archetypes and myths, dreams and dream interpretation, persona, shadow, complex, typology, anima/animus, Self, and individuation. It is designed for people who have some knowledge of the subject but would like a more structured and comprehensive overview.

Online Discussion Forum: A portion of the website for this course will be devoted to a forum discussion on which participants may post reflections, questions, and responses to others’ posts.

Seminar Web Events: We will hold four online web seminar events as part of this course. Times: Mondays, 7:30 to 9:00 pm, on February 2, 16; March 2 and 16, 2009. Seminar participants will need a high-speed internet connection (DSL or cable), a webcam (to participate in the on-line discussions by video), and long distance phone service (for the audio portion of the on-line discussions).

Learning Objectives: Participants will gain greater understanding of
•The archetypal / mythic roots of human experience
•The relationship between waking (ego) consciousness and other structures of the psyche (shadow, anima / animus, Self)
•The role of the feeling-toned complex in the psyche
•Fundamentals of psychological type
•Individuation

Required Text: Memories, Dreams, Reflections by C. G. Jung. Other course readings will be posted on the course website.

Fees: $170
$195 for CE credits.

CE’s: 16 CE credits available


For additional information contact

RoseHolt@aol.com
314-726-2032

borismatthews@verizon.net
608-217-5184

The Chicago Jung Institute website has been down for a few weeks. Because of the delay in registrations the down time caused, Boris Matthews and I have changed the dates for our Short Course on Dreams. Following is more detail about the course:

A SHORT COURSE ON DREAMS
An Online Course
Presented by Rose F. Holt, M.A., and Boris L. Matthews, Ph.D.
From January 22, through March 05, 2009

Dreams have been important sources of information for individuals and groups in all times and all ages. Though often misunderstood, even dismissed, dreams have powerful and lasting effects on individuals. In this short course we will explore (1) the function of dreams, (2) ways of working with dreams, (3) some universal and helpful dream symbols, and (4) the value of dreams for furthering individual development.

Course participant will have access to a website where an ongoing forum will be available for discussions and where additional course resources may be posted from time to time. Additionally, a part of the course will be four (4) web-hosted seminars for real-time interaction between presenters and participants. Seminar time and dates: Thursday, 7:30 pm – 9:00 pm CDT, January 22; February 05, 19; March 05, 2009. Participants may join the seminar through webcam and phone or through phone only. Detailed information for seminar participant will be provided to participants when they register.

Learning Objectives:
*to understand the value of dreams
*to develop strategies for approaching the dream
*to develop an understanding of dream symbolism
*to see how dreams can facilitate individual development

Cost: $155 [plus $20 for those taking the course for eight (8) CEU credits.]
Class size is limited

Texts:
C.G. Jung, Memories, Dreams, Reflections
C.G. Jung, Man and His Symbols, Chapter 1

In these two texts, Jung gives us his most mature exposition of his understanding of dreams—their symbolism and their meaning.


If you are interested in registering or in having more information, please feel free to call me (314) 726-2032 or e-mail me, www.roseholt@aol.com. You may also sign on to the Chicago Institute website, www.jungchicago.org to register.

The Jung Institute of Chicago has decided to go to a weekend format
for its analyst training program. Because the institute website has
been down for some time, this change in format has not been broadly
announced. The Institute will probably slip the February 1, 2009,
application deadline into March or April.

Part of the rationale for shifting from a weekly academic program to a
one-weekend-each-month program is to allow people from far-flung
places to have access to training. If you or anyone you know is
interested in training to be an analyst, please take note of this
important change.


The Chicago training program is demanding and rigorous and has, thus,
an excellent reputation. To apply, one needs a clinical degree, to be
a licensed clinician in the state in which he/she works, and to have
undergone 100 hours of personal analysis.


Boris Matthews (www.borismatthews.com) will become Training Director of
the ATP in the Fall of 2009. He can answer any questions you may have
about the program and this major change in format. Boris' e-mail address is: borismatthews@verizon.net


In addition to the Analyst Training Program, the Chicago group also
offers a two-year Clinical Training Program. The next window for
applying to the CTP will be in 2010 when another group will be
admitted.

Boris Matthews and I will be offering an online course, A Short Course on Dreams, through the Jung Institute of Chicago. Following is the announcement that will appear soon on the Institute's website, www.jungchicago.org


A SHORT COURSE ON DREAMS
An Online Course
Presented by Rose F. Holt, M.A., and Boris L. Matthews, Ph.D.
From December 08, 2008, through January 15, 2009


Dreams have been important sources of information for individuals and groups in all times and all ages. Though often misunderstood, even dismissed, dreams have powerful and lasting effects on individuals. In this short course we will explore ((1) the function of dreams, (2) ways of working with dreams, (3) some universal and helpful dream symbols, and (4) the value of dreams for furthering individual development.

We will use two texts for this course: MAN AND HIS SYMBOLS, Chapter 1, by C.G. Jung, et. al., and MEMORIES, DREAMS, REFLECTIONS by C.G. Jung. Participants will have access to a restricted website where other course materials and a discussion forum will be available. A part of the course will be four (4) web-hosted seminars for real-time interaction between presenters and participants. Seminar time and dates: Thursday, 7:30 pm – 9:00 pm CDT, December 11, 18, 2008; January 08, 15, 2009. Participants can be included in the online seminar by webcam and phone or by phone only. We encourage participants to post questions, reflections, and thoughts on the discussion forum and to take part in the lively exchange in the online seminars.

Learning Objectives:

*to understand the value of dreams
*to develop strategies for approaching the dream
*to develop an understanding of dream symbolism
*to see how dreams can facilitate individual development

Cost: $155 which includes online seminar costs [plus $20 for those taking the course for eight (8) CEU credits.]
Class size is limited

Suggested Reading:
C.G. Jung, Memories, Dreams, Reflections

---------------------

If you would like additional information about the course, please e-mail either Dr. Matthews (www.borismatthews@verizon.net) or myself (roseholt@aol.com). If you would like to talk with me about the course, please call (314) 726-2032.

To enroll, please visit the C.G. Jung Institute of Chicago website: www.jungchicago.org

“Shadow Cornered” by C.G. Jung


C.G. JUNG – GUIDE TO THE INNER LIFE
By Rose F. Holt, Jungian Psychoanalyst

C.G. Jung (1875-1961)
”One does not become enlightened by imagining figures of light, but by making the darkness conscious.”






Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) was a lot of things—psychiatrist, theologian, historian, anthropologist—but above all else, he was an explorer. He explored first his own inner life, his interiority, through what he called his “confrontation with the unconscious,” then he helped many, many of his patients explore their own interiority. All this work was his primary field of research from which he developed a powerful theoretical construct, a “map” for those of us who dare to go on our own voyage into the interior. Today that field of endeavor is called Jungian Psychology or Analytical Psychology.

Before Jung, few people dared go beyond the collective understanding of human nature. Like the maps of old, the collective understanding was edged by mythical monsters, so there was a frightening prohibition against journeying there. The primary function of religions was to protect people from venturing into those areas where the roads ended-- areas of mystery, death, birth, sacred experience. Religious rites and sacraments served as containers for the sacred. They were prescriptions to keep people safe, confined within an area of understanding determined by others and sometimes misused in the interest of power. It was unthinkable, even dangerous, for people to venture on their own without benefit of the shelter of a given religious understanding. There were (and are) severe penalties for those who did so. Some who ventured successfully we remember as mystics, saints, or founders of new religions. They described their discoveries, but until Jung, few could adequately guide others to their own unique and individual discovery of their interiority. Interiority was assigned or assumed by faith and dogma, not discovered.

Jung opened the way for the many. He eventually understood that an early part of the journey is an exploration of one’s personal unconscious—that area of psyche to which experiences, thoughts, feelings, impressions unacceptable to conscious understanding were unwittingly banished. Initially, these unconscious contents reach consciousness through projection, i.e., some quality that rightfully belongs to the individual is assigned to some loved or hated “other.” Through careful attention to one’s feeling reactions, to thoughts, and to dream images and motifs, one can eventually withdraw the projection and begin to integrate this hitherto unacceptable quality—good or bad—into one’s own personality. Such withdrawal requires humility in accepting what was unacceptable and a sense of responsibility for either managing or developing the newly-discovered quality. No wonder, then, that many of us shirk the duty to work toward increased consciousness!

With continued work on oneself, these personal unconscious contents become more differentiated. There will be the projections onto people of the same gender, of the opposite gender, onto heroes and hags, onto saviors and demons. Once this clearing out of the personal unconscious is more or less complete, an entirely new territory begins to show itself, the collective unconscious, as Jung called it.

Jung demonstrated that all humankind shares not just a collective consciousness but also a collective UNconsciousness. In the territory of the collective unconscious one finds the archetypal [arche = ancient and typos = imprint] images, motifs and patterns that underlie the common experience of humankind. It is a collective heritage to which everyone may lay claim. For Jung archetypes are simply the typical patterns of human behavior. Some important ones include the journey, mother, father, the hero, home, the child, birth, the savior, king, queen. Underlying all other archetypes, Jung describes the central organizing principle of the psyche and of individuality—the Self. It is the Self that gives rise to consciousness and our sense of individual existence.

An important tool in one’s journey into interiority is the dream. Like a key, the dream has no logic to its shape. Its logic is that it turns the lock. An example might be a dream in which a loved one dies. Taken at face value the dream is disturbing, even terrifying. Like a key, however, a symbolic understanding might allow the dreamer to “open” a message that something ‘alive’ in the unconscious has died, i.e., is no longer active there. Whatever energy the figure represented might now be available to the dreamer on a more conscious level and, therefore, more amenable to the will. Same dream, vastly different approaches to it, vastly different effect on the dreamer. In working with dreams we make a kind of "Pascal's Wager." We can't know with certitude what a dream means. Therefore, let's wager on a meaning that promotes growth and enhances life because we have everything to gain and nothing to lose.

Jung demonstrated clearly that dreams carry messages from the unconscious to consciousness, and they do so in a manner finely tuned to the attitudes, needs, and desires of the dreamer. Attitude is of critical importance. The dream messenger is Janus-faced. If one dismisses the dream as unimportant or irrelevant, that is just what dreams become. However, if one takes dreams seriously and pays attention to them, dreams speak with increasing and sometimes astonishing clarity.

If one thinks about all this, it makes very good sense. Humankind has always and everywhere felt the need for story. Dreams are primarily story. They can be extremely important because they are deeply personal and capable of providing meaning and value to the individual. Research has shown that, deprived of dream sleep, an individual will become ill in a very short time. Almost everyone has had an impressive, unforgettable, even numinous dream. Almost everyone has had the experience of waking in a particular mood determined by a dream. The old adage, “A picture is worth a thousand words,” particularly applies in working with dream images. It hardly needs be said that dreams have always been an important component of psychic life and development. Only we moderns, with our “not invented here, therefore not of value” attitude, have denigrated the dream.

When one has ventured deeply enough into one’s own interiority that archetypal patterns, figures, and motifs begin to appear, something happens of singular importance. One begins to experience healing—often illusive, difficult to explain or prove, but definitively a feeling of wellness. In religious terms, this feeling is characterized by the word “salvation,” or as something akin to “God’s in his/her heaven, all’s right with the world,” but viewed experientially the feeling is a psychological fact. One’s life becomes imbued with meaning and purpose, and even a seemingly mundane existence takes on great value to one gifted in this way.

Jung writes poetically about this state:

“The state of imperfect transformation, merely hoped for and waited for, does not seem to be one of torment only, but of positive, if hidden happiness. It is the state of someone who, in his/her wanderings among the mazes of his/her psychic transformation comes upon a secret happiness which reconciles him/her to his/her apparent loneliness. In communing with him/herself, he/she finds not deadly boredom and melancholy but an inner partner, more than that, a relationship that seems like a secret love, or like a hidden springtime, when the green seed sprouts from the barren earth, holding out the promise of future harvests.” [From Vol. 14, Mysterium Coniunctionis, Para. 623, modified slightly in the interest of inclusive language.]

I think Jung is describing here the state of someone who has glimpsed that the Self is at work in his/her life and is sustained by that glimpse.

Information about the next online course, Alchemy and Psychotherapy, is posted on the Jung Institute of Chicago website, www.jungchicago.org and on the St. Louis Jung Society website, www.cgjungstl.org [Links to both sites are provided on the left side of your screen.] You can read detailed information about the course on those two sites and also enroll in one of them if you wish. If you have questions, please e-mail me (www.roseholt@aol.com) or call me (314) 726-2032.

Online courses with live video seminars are proving to be an extremely effective way for people in far-flung places to access information about Jungian Psychology, to share their thoughts, reflections, and questions, and to connect with like-minded folk. Participants can join in the audio portion of the seminars by phone, or in both audio and video by phone and web camera.

Boris Matthews, Ph.D., and I will be collaborating this Fall to do two courses, both entitled Alchemy and Psychotherapy and both using Edinger's ANATOMY OF THE PSYCHE as the primary text. One course will be offered through the Chicago Jung Institute and one through the Jung Society of St. Louis. Although basically the same outline and syllabus, our experience tells us the two courses will vary widely because of the participants, their backgrounds, and the directions in which online discussion forums and internet seminars take.

In previous online courses we have been extremely careful not to let study of Jungian Psychology become strictly an intellectual exercise. Through discussion, limited sharing of dream images and synchronistic experiences, and through approaching our subject using thinking, intuition, feeling, and sensation, we find participants become deeply involved and can effectively use their learning to enhance their daily lives. Above all else, Jungian Psychology is a psychology of practical daily life and enhanced relationships. Feedback from participants has indicated they find the material rich, rewarding, and useful.

For those new to Jungian Psychology, this type study makes a wonderful launch onto a journey of self-discovery. For those well-versed in the topic, such study deepens and adds to appreciation and understanding.

There is a site http://psychology.suite101.com/article.cfm/what_is_the_shadow where you can read short, clear, and concise essays about basic Jungian ideas. The author will be posting a number of these essays on the site in the coming weeks. The first one is on shadow.

Boris Matthews and I will be offering a new online course (including five live web seminars) beginning in September, 2008. The subject of this course will be the relationship between alchemy and psychotherapy that C.G. Jung discovered and used to corroborate his psychological theories. Participants need only high-speed internet access and a webcam to join in. The course will include readings, online disussion forum as well as live seminars. We will soon post detailed information about the course here and on the Jung Institute of Chicago website [www.jungchicago.org]. If you desire information before then, please e-mail Boris (www.borismatthews@verizon.net) or me (www.roseholt@aol.com). Continuing education units (CEU's) will be available toward fulfillment of licensure requirements.

Boris and I are finding this mode of teaching extremely effective for reaching people interested in Jungian Psychology but who do not live in an area where they have access to offerings of a Jungian Society or Institute. In the course we are conducting currently, we have people enrolled who span the country, from Alaska to Florida.

The C.G. Jung Society of St. Louis is very pleased to host Lionel Corbett, M.D., for a lecture and workshop on July 18 and 19, 2008. The Society anticipates that both events will be sold out, so do register soon if you are interested. The website address where you can see more information or register online is: www.cgjungstl.org



July 18th and 19th
“Psyche & the Sacred: Spirituality Beyond Organized Religion”
Presented by Lionel Corbett, M.D.


Spiritual structures require periodic renewal. When our spirituality cannot be contained within traditional institutions, there is an urgent need for new ways to articulate our experience of the sacred. From within the depth of the psyche, a new image of the divine is emerging alongside and within traditional Judeo-Christian images. Depth psychology gives us a language to articulate this emergence, allowing our experience of the sacred to be articulated without the need for recourse to traditional theology, doctrine or dogma. This lecture describes an approach to spirituality based on personal experience of the sacred.

Lionel Corbett, M.D., trained in medicine and psychiatry in England and as a Jungian analyst at the C.G. Jung Institute of Chicago. Dr. Corbett is a core faculty member at Pacifica Graduate Institute. His primary dedication has been to the religious function of the psyche, especially the way in which personal religious experience is relevant to individual psychology. He is the author of Psyche and the Sacred, and The Religious Function of the Psyche. He is co-editor, with Dennis Patrick Slattery, of Depth Psychology: Meditations in the Field and Psychology at the Threshold. He has also authored “Spirituality Beyond Religion”, a set of audiotapes published by Sounds True.

(no subject)

THE GOAL

 

Here is Jung writing about the goal of the work, study, and analysis we do on our journeys:      

 

"This (referring to the work of alchemists) recalls the impressive opening sentence of Ignatius Loyola's 'Foundation':  'Man was created to praise, do reverence to, and serve God our Lord, and thereby to save his soul.'"  (Paragraph 252)

 

"Accordingly, if we divest the opening sentence of the 'Foundation' of its theological terminology, it would run as follows:  'Man's consciousness was created to the end that it may (1) recognize (laudet) its descent from a higher unity (Deum); (2) pay due and careful regard to this source (reverentiam exhibeat); (3) execute its commands intelligently and responsibly (serviat); and (4) thereby afford the psyche as a whole the optimum degree of life and development (salvet animam suam).'"  (Paragraph

253)

 

We could rewrite this quote in gender-neutral language, but I think it captures the essence of what we are about when we engage in the work with psyche--in our dreams, fantasies, imagination, and daily work.

 

 

From:  AION, Vol. 9ii of Jung's Collected Works, page 165

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Boris Matthews and I are enjoying this new mode of teaching/learning through courses on the internet. In our current offering, "A Deeper Look into Jungian Psychology," we have added web seminars in which course participants join together online in front of webcameras to discuss readings, reflections, questions, etc. These seminars add greatly to the less-personal discussion forums.

Boris and I are formulating our next course offering (with web seminars) which will begin in late May or early June and, like the first two, will run for eight weeks with CEU credits available for those who desire them. We are considering the following:

1. A reading and discussion of one Jung text, perhaps the 1925 SEMINAR ON ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY which is essentially a transcript of Jung speaking about the origins and development of his work. Another possible work might be Jung's controversial ANSWER TO JOB. Still another might be "A Study in the Process of Individuation," which is Jung's attempt to follow one of his patients via her dreams and her artwork through the individuation process.

2. A course devoted to one topic of particular interest, perhaps working with dreams or exploring Jungian complex theory or Jung's notion of the Self, or his views on Individuation.

3. We are also scheduling another "A Deeper Look into Jungian Psychology," scheduled to begin on June 2, 2008, because of the interest people expressed after it was too late to register for the first 'deepening' course. If you or anyone you know might wish to participate, please contact us.

Formal announcements and registration forms will be available on the Chicago Jung Institute website: www.jungchicago.org soon.

Of course, we want to present topics of burning interest that will help individuals in their own development and work. To that end, would you please provide any suggestions you have to help us in our planning. Boris' e-mail is borismatthews@verizon.net and mine is roseholt@aol.com

Online Course
A DEEPER LOOK INTO JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY
Facilitated by Rose F. Holt, M.A., and Boris Matthews, Ph.D.
March 24, 2008, through May 19, 2008

Jung’s ideas fascinate us, touch us, and ultimately can lead to discovery of sound and lasting meaning for our lives. Many people discover Jung through references in literature, various university studies, Jung’s own writings, or affiliation with a Jung Society. Jungian Psychology provides a framework for understanding the wholeness of the human person.

In this online course, we will be explore:

typology
complexes
shadow
personal and collective unconscious
archetypes
Self and individuation

The only prerequisite is a curious, inquiring, open mind. This course is oriented toward persons who want to learn more about Jungian (Analytical) Psychology, including professional counselors, social workers, and psychotherapists.

"A Deeper Look Into Jungian Psychology" offers the opportunity for people in far-flung locations to come together in a readings/discussion/seminar format. Participants will have access to a restricted website where readings will be available and where they can discuss and post on an online forum. They will also be invited to join in four (4) web-hosted simultaneous seminar sessions.

Course Objectives:

(1) develop a basic understanding of Jung’s primary contributions to psychology,

(2) gain knowledge of basic Jungian Psychological theory,

(3) have a helpful framework for dealing with people who are conflicted and often work against themselves.

(4) gain a working knowledge of complex theory and its usefulness for understanding problematic human behaviors.

(5) develop a deep understanding of the Jungian concept of “shadow” and its value for understanding ourselves.

Sixteen (16) CEU’s are available from the C.G. Jung Institute of Chicago ($25 additional processing fee)

Cost is $110
Text: C. G. Jung, Memories, Dreams, Reflections

(Additional texts may be suggested)

For further information, please visit http://www.jungchicago.org/ or http://www.borismatthews.com/

You may also contact Rose Holt [314 726-2032 or roseholt@aol.com ] or Boris Matthews [608 217-5184 or borismatthews@verizon.net ]